Effect of breastfeeding on immune function in infants with human cytomegalovirus infection / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the effect of breastfeeding on immune function in infants with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 135 infants with HCMV infection who were admitted to Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from January 2021 to May 2022, and all these infants received breastfeeding. According to the results of breast milk HCMV-DNA testing, the infants were divided into two groups: breast milk HCMV positive (n=78) and breast milk HCMV negative (n=57). According to the median breast milk HCMV-DNA load, the infants in the breast milk HCMV positive group were further divided into two subgroups: high viral load and low viral load (n=39 each). Related indicators were compared between the breast milk positive and negative HCMV groups and between the breast milk high viral load and low viral load subgroups, including the percentages of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets (CD3+ T cells, CD3+CD4+ T cells, CD3+CD8+ T cells, and CD19+ B cells), CD4+/CD8+ ratio, IgG, IgM, IgA, and urine HCMV-DNA load.@*RESULTS@#There were no significant differences in the percentages of CD3+ T cells, CD3+CD4+ T cells, CD3+CD8+ T cells, and CD19+ B cells, CD4+/CD8+ ratio, IgG, IgM, IgA, and urine HCMV-DNA load between the breast milk HCMV positive and HCMV negative groups, as well as between the breast milk high viral load and low viral load subgroups (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Breastfeeding with HCMV does not affect the immune function of infants with HCMV infection.

Analysis of expression and clinical significance of METTL7B in glioma tissues based on bioinformatics / 中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志

@#[摘 要] 目的：探讨甲基转移酶样蛋白7B（METTL7B）在胶质瘤组织中的表达及其与患者临床病理特征和预后的相关性。方法：基于CGGA数据库胶质瘤数据和GTEx数据库正常脑组织数据，分析METTL7B基因在胶质瘤与正常脑组织中的表达差异，并用GEPIA数据库数据和免疫组织化学染色法进行验证。用Kaplan-Meier生存分析、单因素Cox分析、多因素Cox分析及ROC曲线分析等评估METTL7B在胶质瘤患者预后中的价值，用CGGA数据库数据分析METTL7B表达与胶质瘤患者临床病理特征的相关性，用CIBERSORT及TIMER数据库进行肿瘤免疫细胞浸润分析，进行KEGG通路富集分析及GO功能富集分析，通过基因共表达分析确定与METTL7B相关的基因。结果：METTL7B在胶质瘤组织中明显上调（均P<0.05），METTL7B表达是胶质瘤患者独立的不良预后因素。METTL7B高表达与高龄（>41岁）、肿瘤分级增加、肿瘤复发或继发性肿瘤、IDH野生型、1p19q非共缺失以及肿瘤的恶性病理学有关联（均P<0.01）；METTL7B表达与B细胞、CD4+ T细胞、CD8+ T细胞、单核细胞、中性粒细胞、巨噬细胞、活化肥大细胞等免疫细胞有关联（均P<0.05）。KEGG通路富集及GO功能分析结果显示，肿瘤相关信号通路及多种免疫反应在METTL7B高表达表型中显著富集。基因共表达分析结果表明，METTL7B与TNFRSF12A、CHI3L1、EMP3表达呈正相关（r=0.807、0.804、0.783，均P<0.01），与ELFN2、REPS2、SHANK2表达呈负相关（r=-0.642、-0.627、-0.602，均P<0.01）。结论：METTL7B在胶质瘤组织中的表达上调是预后不良的指标，且与肿瘤免疫浸润相关。

An EHG-based Preterm Delivery Prediction Algorithm via Convolution Neural Network / 中国医疗器械杂志

Premature delivery is one of the direct factors that affect the early development and safety of infants. Its direct clinical manifestation is the change of uterine contraction intensity and frequency. Uterine Electrohysterography(EHG) signal collected from the abdomen of pregnant women can accurately and effectively reflect the uterine contraction, which has higher clinical application value than invasive monitoring technology such as intrauterine pressure catheter. Therefore, the research of fetal preterm birth recognition algorithm based on EHG is particularly important for perinatal fetal monitoring. We proposed a convolution neural network(CNN) based on EHG fetal preterm birth recognition algorithm, and a deep CNN model was constructed by combining the Gramian angular difference field(GADF) with the transfer learning technology. The structure of the model was optimized using the clinical measured term-preterm EHG database. The classification accuracy of 94.38% and F1 value of 97.11% were achieved. The experimental results showed that the model constructed in this paper has a certain auxiliary diagnostic value for clinical prediction of premature delivery.

Engraftment of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived myogenic progenitors restores dystrophin in mice with duchenne muscular dystrophy

BACKGROUND: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a devastating genetic muscular disorder with no effective treatment that is caused by the loss of dystrophin. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) offer a promising unlimited resource for cell-based therapies of muscular dystrophy. However, their clinical applications are hindered by inefficient myogenic differentiation, and moreover, the engraftment of non-transgene hiPSC-derived myogenic progenitors has not been examined in the mdx mouse model of DMD. METHODS: We investigated the muscle regenerative potential of myogenic progenitors derived from hiPSCs in mdx mice. The hiPSCs were transfected with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) vector and defined as EGFP hiPSCs. Myogenic differentiation was performed on EGFP hiPSCs with supplementary of basic fibroblast growth factor, forskolin, 6-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime as well as horse serum. EGFP hiPSCs-derived myogenic progenitors were engrafted into mdx mice via both intramuscular and intravenous injection. The restoration of dystrophin expression, the ratio of central nuclear myofibers, and the transplanted cells-derived satellite cells were accessed after intramuscular and systemic transplantation. RESULTS: We report that abundant myogenic progenitors can be generated from hiPSCs after treatment with these three small molecules, with consequent terminal differentiation giving rise to mature myotubes in vitro. Upon intramuscular or systemic transplantation into mdx mice, these myogenic progenitors engrafted and contributed to human-derived myofiber regeneration in host muscles, restored dystrophin expression, ameliorated pathological lesions, and seeded the satellite cell compartment in dystrophic muscles. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the muscle regeneration potential of myogenic progenitors derived from hiPSCs using non-transgenic induction methods. Engraftment of hiPSC-derived myogenic progenitors could be a potential future therapeutic strategy to treat DMD in a clinical setting.

Effect of long non-coding RNA hit on imatinib resistance j in acute lymphoblastic leukemia sup-b15 cell line / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effect of long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) HIT on the resistance of ima-tinib (IM) in SUP-B15 cell line of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and the related mechanisms. Methods SUP-B15 cells were treated with concentration gradient IM and saline as IMR and control groups. The lentivirus transfected LncRNA HIT shRNAl # and 2# vector in IMR group cells to knock down the HIT expression as IMR shHITl # and 2# group cells. CCK-8 assay was used to detect IM half-inhibitory concentration ( ICjo ). Fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR) was applied to detect the expression levels of LncRNA HIT, QKI, 0ct4 and Sox2 mRNA. Western blot was employed to detect the expression levels of QKI, 0ct4 and Sox2 protein. Results Compared with those in control cells, there was significantly higher IM ICjq, higher expression of LncRNA HIT, 0ct4 and Sox2, and lower expression of QKI in groups of IMR, IMR shHITl# and 2# cells. Compared with those in IMR cells, there was significantly lower IM IC∗, lower expression of LncRNA HIT, 0ct4 and Sox2, and higher expression of QKI in groups of IMR shHITl# and 2# cells. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0. 05). Conclusions LncRNA HIT can increase the expression of Sox2 and 0ct4 via inhibiting the expression of QKI protein, and mediating the formation of IM resistance in ALL cells.

Recent advances in transcranial magnetic stimulation for spasticity in spinal cord injury / 医学研究生学报

Spasticity is one of the major complications after spinal cord injury. According to statistics, 70% of patients with spinal cord injury are accompanied by spasticity in different degrees. It not only affects the ability of patients in daily life, changes lifestyle, and reduces the quality of life, but also is a major factor restricting the recovery of motor function in patients with spinal cord injury. Therefore, the development and clinical application of novel, safe and effective antispasmodic therapy is very important. At present, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is widely used in clinical practice. By enhancing the excitement of the central nervous system, it has become an alternative treatment for patients with spasticity caused by spinal cord injury. This paper mainly reviews the research status of TMS, Theta rhythm stimulation in spasticity of spinal cord injury and the possible mechanism of repetitive TMS treatment.

lncRNANORADpromotestheproliferationandmigrationofesophagealsquamous cell carcinoma EC9706 cells / 中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志

@#[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the effects and mechanisms of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) non-coding RNA-activated by DNA damage (NORAD) on the proliferation and migration of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) EC9706 cells. Methods: RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression level of NORAD in different ESCC cells (EC9706, TE1, YES-2, KYSE150). Small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting NORAD gene was transfected into EC9706 cells (as si-NORAD group) with RNA interference technique to knockdown NORAD expression; in addition, blank control group (as Ctrl group, without any transfection) as well as negative control group (as NC group, transfected with siRNAnegative control sequence)werealsoestablished. qPCR was used to verify the transfection efficiency. MTT, Colony formation assay and Wound-healing test were used to detect the abilities of proliferation and migration of EC9706 cells before and after NORAD knockdown. Western blotting was used to detect the expressions of E-cadherin, N-cadherin and Snail in EC9706 cells before and after NORAD knockdown. Results: NORAD mRNAwas highly expressed in 4 ESCC cell lines. Comparing with TE1, YES-2 and KYSE150 cells, the expression of NORAD mRNA was significantly higher in EC9706 cells (P<0.01). After transfection of NORAD-siRNA into EC9706 cells, the expression of NORAD was down-regulated significantly as comparing with Ctrl group and NC group (all P<0.01), in the meanwhile, the proliferation and migration abilities of EC9706 cells were also significantly suppressed (P<0.05).After NORAD knockdown, the expression of E-cadherin was up-regulated while the expressions of N-cadherin and Snail were down-regulated in EC9706 cells (all P<0.05). Conclusion: NORAD is highly expressed in EC9706 cells;knockdown of NORAD expression can inhibit the proliferation and migration ability of EC9706 probably through up-regulating E-cadherin and down-regulating N-cadherin and Snail.

Role of JNK and ERK1/2 MAPK signaling pathway in testicular injury of rats induced by di-N-butyl-phthalate (DBP)

BACKGROUND: Di-N-butyl-phthalate (DBP) is an endocrine disrupting substance. We investigated the adverse effect of DBP on testis of male rat and reveal its potential mechanism of MAPK signaling pathway involved this effect in vivo and in vitro. Gonadal hormone, sperm quality, morphological change and the activation status of JNK, ERK1/2 and p38 was determined in vivo. Primary Sertoli cell was established and cultivated with JNK, ERK1/2 inhibitors, then determine the cell viability, apoptosis and the expression of p-JNK, p-ERK1/2. Data in this study were presented as mean ± SD and determined by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Bonferroni's test. Difference was considered statistically significant at P < 0.05. RESULTS: In vivo experiment, DBP impaired the normal structure of testicular tissue, reduced testosterone levels in blood serum, decreased sperm count and increased sperm abnormality, p-ERK1/2 and p-JNK in rat testicular tissue increased in a dose-dependent manner. In vitro studies, DBP could decrease the viability of Sertoli cells and increase p-ERK1/2 and p-JNK. Cell apoptosis in SP600125 + DBP group was significantly lower than in DBP group (P < 0.05). p-JNK was not significantly decreased in SP600125 + DBP group, while p-ERK1/2 was significantly decreased in U0126 + DBP group. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that DBP can lead to testicular damage and the activation of ERK1/2 and JNK pathways, the JNK signaling pathway may be primarily associated with its effect.

Dynamic changes of cyclophosphamide-induced liver injury in mice / 药学学报

Cyclophosphamide (CPA) is one of the most commonly used alkylating agents in the treatment of malignant cancer. CPA is metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes into 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide in vivo which can exhibit anti-tumor activity. Metabolic activation of CPA can cause adverse reactions such as myelosuppression, cystitis, and liver injury. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamic changes of hepatic injury induced by CPA in mice. Male BALB/c mice were injected CPA (200 mg·kg-1) intraperitoneally. Both serum and liver samples were collected at 0, 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours after dosing. The animal experiment protocol was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Sun Yat-sen University. The results showed that hepatotoxicity was observed at 2 hours after CPA dosing, and the most serious liver injury was measured at 12 hours. The level of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly increased, glutathione (GSH) level was significantly decreased, hepatocyte edema and vacuolar degeneration were widely observed in liver tissue, and began to recover 24 hours after dosing. In addition, due to oxidative stress damage caused by CPA, nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) signaling pathway was activated and the mRNA and protein expression of its downstream targets such as quinine oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) and glutamate cysteine modifier subunit (GCLM) were up-regulated, which alleviated oxidative stress injury. In a summary, this study demonstrate the dynamic change of CPA-induced liver injury and the NRF2-mediated protective mechanisms, providing new insights into the CPA-induced liver injury.

Clinical Value of Minimally Invasive Bridging for the Lateral Malleolar Fractures in the Open Comminuted Ankle Fractures with Dislocation / 中国医学科学院学报

To evaluate the effectiveness of minimally invasive bridging for the lateral malleolar fractures in the open comminuted ankle fractures with dislocation. Methods The clinical data of 24 patients [19 males and 5 females aged 40 to 65 years,mean(47.5±8.6)years] with open comminuted ankle fractures with dislocation who were treated in the Second Hospital of Tangshan from September 2015 to June 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were treated with minimally invasive bridging for the lateral malleolar fractures.The ankle function after treatment was assessed with the Olerud Molander Ankle(OMA)score. Results All the 24 patients were followed up from 12-26 months [mean:(14.5±2.6)months].Good fracture union was achieved in all patients after 2 - 5 months(mean:3 months).No deep infection,skin necrosis,or bone nonunion occurred after 12 months of follow-up.Only one patient suffered from partial skin necrosis at lateral malleolus,which was cured after changing wound dressings.The OMA score was 93.5(range:85-100)after 12 months(excellent in 19 cases and good in 5 cases). Conclusions Minimally invasive bridging for the lateral malleolar fractures is effective in treating the open comminuted ankle fractures with dislocation.It can obtain good reduction and fixation,reduce complications,and achieve high union rate.

Clinicopathological Analysis of Children's Systemic EBV-Positive T-Cell Lymphoma / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical and pathologic features as well as prognosis of systemic EBV-positive T-cell lymphoma in children.@*METHODS@#The clinical data including clinical manifestation, pathologic changes and treatment in 16 patients with children's systemic EBV-positive T-cell lymphoma were analyzed retrospectively, and follow-up of patients were carried out.@*RESULTS@#The 16 cases included 12 males and 4  females with median age of 3.3 years old. It was demonstrated that the clinical and pathological features of the children's systemic EBV-positive T-cell lymphoma were as followed fever, hepatosplenomegaly, cytopenia, lymphadenopathy, and hemophagocytosis in bone marrow or organ. Histologically, the structures of lymph node was normal, partially or completely destoryed. The paracortical zone was expanded with prominent infiltration of small to medium-sized atypical lymphocytes. The major immunophenotypic characteristics were as follows: (1) Almost all biopsies exhibited prominent T cell proliferation. (2) CD3 was expressed in 16 patients (100%, 16/16), CD4 in 5 patients (31.3%, 5/16)，CD5 in 13 patients (81.3%, 13/16)，CD7 was expressed in 11 patients (68.8%, 11/16)，CD8 in 15 patients (93.8%, 15/16)，CD4 and CD8 were expressed in 5 patients (31.3%, 5/16)，CD4 and CD8 double-negative in patients (6.3%, 1/16)，16 patients were CD56 negative (100%, 16/16). (3) TCR gene cloning rearrangement in 16 patients (93.8%, 15/16). (4) EBV-EBER was expressed in 16 patients (100%, 16/16). 11 out of 16 cases died, 1 cese failed to be followed up, 1 case relapsed，and 3 cases survived, reseptively. The media survival time was 4 months.@*CONCLUSION@#Systemic EBV-positive T-cell lymphoma predominantly occurred in childhood and early teen-age, and lacks specific clinic features, usually combined with hemophagocytic syndrome. The confirmed diagnosis requires comprehensive analysis of clinical manifestation, pathomorphology, immunohistochemical detection, EBV-EBER insite hybridization, and TCR gene test. The overall prognosis of the disease is poor and the fatality rate is high.

Effects of MiR-221-Mediated Wnt/β- Catenin Signaling Pathway on Biological Activity of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cells / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the effects of miR-221 on the biological activity of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells and its mechanism.@*METHODS@#Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMNC) were isolated from bone marrow samples of ALL children diagnosed in our hospital from May 2018 to November 2018. The cells were divided into control group, miR-221-NC group and miR-221 group. After transfection according to the instructions of Lipofectamine 2000 kit, the levels of miR-221 in each group were detected by RT-PCR. Flow cytometry was used to detect the effects of miR-221 on cell cycle and apoptosis. Transwell assay was used to detect cell migration and invasion. Western blot was used to detect the effects of miR-221 on proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Caspase 3, Cyclin D1 and MMP-9 proteins in BMNC. Luciferase reporter gene assay was used to detect the targeting relationship between miR-221 and Wnt gene.@*RESULT@#The expression level of miR-221 in the miR-221 group was significantly higher than that in the control group and the miR-221-NC group (P＜0.05). MTT assay showed that, after transfection for 2, 3, 4 and 5 days, the cell proliferation level in miR-221 group was significantly lower than that in the control group and the miR-221-NC group (P＜0.05). The cell ratio of G/G phase was (73.25±8.1)% in the miR-221 group, which was significantly higher than that in the control group and the miR-221-NC group (P＜0.05); moreover, the cell ratio of S phase in the miR-221 group was (12.37±1.6)%，which was significantly lower than that in the control group and the miR-221-NC group (P＜0.05). The percentage of apoptotic cells in the miR-221 group was (24.68±3.87)%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group and the miR-221-NC group (P＜0.05). Transwell cell invasion experiment showed that the number of invasive cells in the miR-221 group was 23.42±3.62, which was significantly lower than that in the control group and the miR-221-NC group (P＜0.05). Transwell cell migration assay showed that the number of migrating cells in the miR-221 group was 34.86±5.32, which was significantly lower than that in the control group and the miR-221-NC group (P＜0.05). The relative level of PCNA, Cyclin D1 and MMP-9 in the miR-221 group was 0.26±0.03, 0.17±3.61 and 0.14±0.02, respectively, which was significantly lower than those in the control group and the miR-221-NC group (P＜0.05), while the relative level of Caspase-3 in the miR-221 group was 0.37±0.05, which was significantly higher than that in the control group and the miR-221-NC group (P＜0.05). Luciferase reporter assay showed that the activity of luciferase in Wnt wild type plasmid was significantly inhibited by miR-221 (P＜0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#miR-221 can inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of BMNC, moreover can promote cell apoptosis, which may be related with the inhibition of Wnt/β- catenin signaling pathway.

Effect of Anerdian Ⅲ Disinfectant On the Function of Eye Surface and Tear Film / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

@#【Objective】To evaluate the effect of preoperative conjunctival sac irrigation with Anerdian Ⅲ disinfectant and its effect on the function of eye surface and tear film. 【Methods】 This clinical study was involved of thirty cases （30 eyes） undergoing phacoemulsification. Conjunctiva sac irrigation with Anerdian disinfectant （type III ，5g/L） was performed before the phacoemulsification procedure. Secretions of conjunctiva sac were examined by bacterial culture pre-and post-irrigation. Schirmer test，non-invasive first tear break-up time（NITBUT-F），non-invasive average tear break-up time（NITBUT-A），tear meniscus height（TMH），and goblet cell density（GCD）were also evaluated day 1 before and day 7 ，day 30 after operation.【Results】3 cases were positive in bacterial culture pre-irrigation ，while all were negative post-irrigation. There was no significantly change between Schirmer test and TMH from day 1 before ，day 7 and day 30 after operation . NITBUT-F，NITBUT-A，and GCD were significantly different between day 1 before and day 7 after operation（P<0.05），and shown no significantly difference between day 1 before and day 30 after operation.【Conclusions】 Our results suggested that conjunctiva sac irrigation with Anerdian disinfectant was efficient，while it might be related to the decrease of GCD and dysfunction of tear film. However，GCD would gradually improve as pre-operation and function of tear film could restore to normal.

Comparison on 30-day Clinical Outcome Between Simultaneous Hybrid Coronary Revascularization and Off-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Patients With Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease / 中国循环杂志

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the 30-day clinical outcome after simultaneous hybrid coronary revascularization (HCR) with off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease and evaluate the safety and efficiency of simultaneous hybrid coronary revascularization strategy. Methods: Simultaneous HCR was performed in 533 patients with multivessel coronary artery disease at Fuwai hospital from January 2009 to January 2017. These patients were 1:1 matched with patients underwent OPCABG using propensity score matching method. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE) over the 30-day follow-up post-surgery, and the second endpoints were in-hospital outcomes, including chest tube drainage, transfusion rate, mechanical ventilation time and length of stay in intensive care unit. Results: Chest tube drainage post-surgery (ml)(714 [523, 971] vs 965 [716, 1 220], P<0.001),Blood transfusion rate (19.7% vs 34.0%, P=0.024), mechanical ventilation time (hours) (12.6[9.3, 15.7] vs 16.0 [12.8, 18.7], P<0.001), and stay in intensive care unit (hours) (21.7[19.8, 42.4] vs 41.6[23.6, 70.0], P<0.001) were all significantly reduced in the simultaneous HCR group than in OPCABG group. Mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, repeat revascularization rate and accumulated MACCE rate during the 30-day follow-up were similar between HCR group and OPCABG group .Conclusions: For selected patients with multivessel coronary artery disease, simultaneous HCR provided a safe and effective alternative revascularization strategy. Simultaneous HCR is associated with less blood loss, faster recovery, and fewer perioperative complications and achieved similar and favorable early outcomes as compared with OPCABG strategy.

Comparative Study of One-stop Hybrid Technology, Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Treating Patients With Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To compare the middle and long term clinical outcomes of one-stop hybrid coronary revascularization, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in treating the patients with multivessel coronary artery disease; to explore the optimal indication of one-stop hybrid technology. Methods: Our research included in 3 groups: Hybrid group, n=141 patients received one-stop hybrid coronary revascularization in our hospital from 2006-06 to 2010-16. Meanwhile, 5797 patients received CABG and 4254 received PCI, the major pre-operative risk factors were studied by Logistic regression analysis to calculate propensity score, adjacent matching was used to respectively select 141 subjects from CABG and PCI patients to make 1:1 match with Hybrid group as CABG group and PCI group. EuroSCORE and SYNTAX score were used to make risk stratification in all 3 groups. By EuroSCORE system: low risk ≤ 2, medium risk (3-5) and high risk ≥ 6; by SYNTAX score system: low risk ≤ 24, medium risk (25-29) and high risk ≥ 30. The incidence of major adverse cardiac/cerebral vascular events (MACCE) was compared among 3 groups at different risk stratifications. Results: The mean follow-up time was 4.5 years up to 2015-01. The overall incidence of MACCE was lower in Hybrid group (9.9％) than PCI group (27.7％), P<0.001; while it was similar between Hybrid group and CABG group (19.1％), P=0.150. By EuroSCORE stratification, the incidence of MACCE in low risk and medium risk patients were similar among 3 groups; while in high risk patients, the incidence was lower in Hybrid group than both CABG group (P=0.017) and PCI group (P<0.001). By SYNTAX score stratification, the incidence of MACCE in low risk and medium risk patients were similar among 3 groups; while in high risk patients, the incidence was lower in Hybrid group than PCI group (P<0.001), it was similar between Hybrid group and CABG group (P=0.355). Conclusion: One-stop hybrid technology had the better middle and long term outcomes for treating multivessel coronary artery disease patients with high risk stratification, which provided an alternative strategy in clinical practice.

Research progress on thymus reconstruction / 中国免疫学杂志

Thymus,a main organ for T cell development,plays a pivotal role in adaptive immune response and dealing with the threaten from pathogens and tumors.With the deep understanding of the thymus,people have been realizing that the thymus is extremely sensitive to acute and chronic injuries as well as involution with age.Thymus regeneration can recover its function to a certain level.Up to now,these methods including adoptive thymic epithelial progenitor cells immunotherapy,injection of IL-2 and angiogenesis factor and regulation of c-Met signal are able to promote thymus recovery and T cell regeneration.

Bridging intergrator-1 inhibits the expression of PD-L1 through c-MYC pathway in non-small cell lung cancerA549 cells / 中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志

@# Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of bridging intergrator-1 (BIN1) on expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells. Methods: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRTPCR) and Western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of BIN1 and PD-L1 in A549 cells and normal human embryo lung fibroblast 2BS cells, respectively. Eukaryotic expression plasmid CMV-MCS-GFP-SV40-Neomycin-BIN1 containing human full length BIN1 gene sequence was transfected into A549 cells via cationic liposomes by using gene transfection technology (as BIN1+group); c-MYC-siRNAwas used to knockdown the expression of c-MYC inA549 cells through RNAinterference technique (as cMYC-siRNA group). The transfection efficiencies were verified by qRT-PCR and Western blotting, the effects of BIN1 over-expression and c-MYC knock-down on the expression of c-MYC and PD-L1 in A549 cells were detected as well. Results: Comparing with 2BS cells, the expression of BIN1 was down-regulated in A549 cells at both mRNA and protein levels, while the expression of PD-L1 was up-regulated (all P<0.05). The expression of BIN1 was increased at both mRNA and protein level in BIN1+ group, while the expression of PD-L1 was decreased significantly after B1N1 transfection (all P<0.05). After transfection of c-MYC-siRNA into A549 cells, the expression of c-MYC and PD-L1 in c-MYC-siRNAgroup was down-regulated significantly (all P<0.01). Conclusion: Over-expression of BIN1 could reduce the expression of PD-L1 by inactivating the c-MYC pathway, thereby inhibiting the immune escape ofA549 cells.

Effects of CO2 pretreatment on the volatile compounds of dried Chinese jujube (Zizyphus jujuba Miller)

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate whether anaerobic metabolites could induce volatile compounds and improve aroma of dried jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Miller). Jujube fruits were incubated in a polyvinyl chloride bag containing 5% CO2 and 95% N2 for up to 168 h at 25 °C and 3 samples were randomly removed every 6 h and oven dried to a moisture content of ≅ 20%. The volatile compounds of control and 5% CO2-pretreated Chinese jujube fruits were extracted by simultaneous distillation extraction and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). The acetaldehyde and ethanol contents were determined by gas chromatography (GC). The results indicated that a large accumulation of acetaldehyde and ethanol caused changes in aroma composition of dried jujube products and 5% CO2 pretreatment led to an increase in the levels of some compounds, particularly esters, acetaldehydes, and ethanol, whereas the amount of acids were decreased significantly. Principal component analysis showed that integrative scores of 5% CO2 pretreatment at 120 h were the highest, and aroma quality was better than that of the control. Relatively low concentrations of anaerobic respiration metabolites are good for jujube fruit aroma composition.

Downregulation of Na/CaExchanger Isoform 1 Protects Isolated Hearts by Sevoflurane Postconditioning but Not by Delayed Remote Ischemic Preconditioning in Rats / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>Background:</b>Calcium regulatory proteins-L-type Cachannels (LTCCs), ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2), and Na/Caexchanger isoform 1 (NCX1) have been recognized as important protective mechanisms during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/RI). Both sevoflurane postconditioning (SevoPoC) and delayed remote ischemic preconditioning (DRIPC) have been shown to protect the heart against I/RI. In this study, we aimed to compare the effects of SevoPoC and DRIPC on the expression of the three calcium regulatory proteins in an isolated rat heart model.</p><p><b>Methods:</b>After 30-min balanced perfusion, isolated hearts from rats were subjected to 30-min ischemia followed by 60-min reperfusion. Totally 40 isolated hearts were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 10/group): time control group, I/RI group, SevoPoC group, and DRIPC group. The effect of SevoPoC (3% v/v) and DRIPC were observed. Myocardial infarct size (IS), cardiac troponin I level, and heart function were measured. The protein and messenger RNA levels of LTCCs, RyR2, and NCX1 were determined.</p><p><b>Results:</b>Both SevoPoC and DRIPC improved the recovery of myocardial function, and reduced cardiac troponin I release after I/RI. The decrease in IS was more significant in the SevoPoC group than that in the DRIPC group (16.50% ± 4.54% in the SevoPoC group [P = 0.0006], and 22.34% ± 4.02% in the DRIPC group [P = 0.0007] vs. 35.00% ± 5.24% in the I/RI group, respectively). SevoPoC, but not DRIPC significantly inhibited the activity of NCX1 (0.59 ± 0.09 in the I/RI group vs. 0.32 ± 0.16 in the SevoPoC group, P = 0.006; vs. 0.57 ± 0.14 in the DRIPC group, P = 0.072). No statistical significant differences were observed in the expression of LTCCs and RyR2 between SevoPoC and DRIPC. In addition, subsequent correlation analysis showed a significantly positive relationship between the cardiac troponin I level and the protein expression of NCX1 (r = 0.505, P = 0.023).</p><p><b>Conclusion:</b>SevoPoC may be more effective in the cardioprotection than DRIPC partly due to the deactivation of NCX1.</p>

Biofeedback therapy for chronic prostatitis: Application and consideration / 中华男科学杂志

Studies of biological feedback (BF) for the treatment of chronic prostatitis (CP) are occasionally reported have exhibited some related problems. This article presents an evaluation of the published literature on the BF treatment of CP at home and abroad in the aspects of instrument, method, application, effect, function, and mechanism. UROSTYMTM and MyoTrac are often employed and their operating paths are basically the same. NIH prostate symptom scores, urinary function, pain, sexual function, immune function, prostate fluid, and other indicators are generally used for the analysis of the effects of BF alone or in combination with other therapies on CP and its related symptoms. Either BF alone or BF combined with other therapies can promote urination, reduce pain, improve the quality of life, attenuate inflammation, improve sexual function, adjust immunity, and lessen physical and chemical stimulation. However, the relevant literature is of low quantity and quality, the reported studies are not standardized, and exploration of the action mechanisms is neglected.